Make a Mardi Gras Mask - French Project

Make a Mardi Gras Mask - French Project Mardi Gras, which means fat Tuesday in French, is celebrated in many francophone regions. Mardi Gras masks are a traditional part of this annual celebration, and making them is an interesting and very creative project for all ages. These basic instructions and tips can be followed by anyone going to a Mardi Gras party or just wanting to share in the fun.  ProjectMake a Mardi Gras maskInstructions Choose mask base: Cardboard, plastic, metal, construction paper, etcCut base to cover the face or eyesCut eyeholes and holes for nose and/or mouthPunch tiny holes in each side and attach string or wire (to hold mask in place)Decorate mask Customization Mask Base: The mask base can be made of just about anything you dont mind wearing over your face. Paper may not last and metal might be difficult, but cardboard is a good, sturdy choice. The shape of the mask base is limited only by your creativity. You can cut an oval to cover your face or a bar to cover your eyes, or you can make another shape, such as a house, an animal, or a tree.Holes for eyes, nose, and mouth can be different shapes - stars, hearts, slits, etc. Decorations: Crayons, colored pencils, chalk, charcoal, markers, paint Beads Embroidery Fabric Fake jewels Feathers Flowers Glitter Lace Ribbons Sequins Stickers String, yarn Tissue paper Wax Mardi Gras Links French Mardi Gras vocabulary Carnaval in Nice, FranceMardi Gras party ideasMardi Gras puzzles for kidsMardi Gras recipesMardi Gras songs Notes Profs de franà §ais forum .

Standard Molar Entropy

Standard Molar Entropy Youll encounter standard molar entropy in general chemistry, physical chemistry, and thermodynamics courses, so its important to understand what entropy is and what it means. Here are the basics regarding standard molar entropy and how to use it to make predictions about a chemical reaction. What Is Standard Molar Entropy? Entropy is a measure of the randomness, chaos, or freedom of movement of particles. The capital letter S is used to denote entropy. However, you wont see calculations for simple entropy because the concept is fairly useless until you put it in a form that can be used to make comparisons to calculate a change of entropy or ΔS. Entropy values are given as standard molar entropy, which is the entropy of one mole of a substance at standard state conditions. Standard molar entropy is denoted by the symbol S ° and usually has the units  joules per mole Kelvin (J/mol ·K). Positive and Negative Entropy The Second Law of Thermodynamics states the entropy of isolated system increases, so you might think entropy would always increase and that change in entropy over time would always be a positive value. As it turns out, sometimes entropy of a system decreases. Is this a violation of the Second Law? No, because the law refers to an isolated system. When you calculate an entropy change in a lab setting, you decide on a system, but the environment outside your system is ready to compensate for any changes in entropy you might see. While the universe as a whole (if you consider it a type of isolated system), might experience an overall increase in entropy over time, small pockets of the system can and do experience negative entropy. For example, you can clean your desk, moving from disorder to order. Chemical reactions, too, can move from randomness to order. In general: Sgas   Ssoln   Sliq   Ssolid So a change in state of matter can result in either a positive or negative entropy change. Predicting Entropy In chemistry and physics, youll often be asked to predict whether an action or reaction will result in a positive or negative change in entropy. The change in entropy is the difference between final entropy and initial entropy: ΔS Sf - Si You can expect a positive ΔS  or increase in entropy when: solid reactants form a liquid or gaseous productsliquid reactants form gasesmany smaller particles coalesce into larger particles (typically indicated by fewer product moles than reactant moles) A negative ΔS  or decrease in entropy often occurs when: gaseous or liquid reactants form solid productsgaseous reactants form liquid productslarge molecules dissociate into smaller onesthere are more moles of gas in the products than there are in the reactants Applying Information About Entropy Using the guidelines, sometimes its easy to predict whether the change in entropy for a chemical reaction will be positive or negative. For example, when table salt (sodium chloride) forms from its ions: Na(aq) Cl-(aq) → NaCl(s) The entropy of the solid salt is lower than the entropy of the aqueous ions, so the reaction results in a negative  ÃŽâ€S. Sometimes you can predict whether the change in entropy will be positive or negative by inspection of the chemical equation. For example, in the reaction between carbon monoxide and water to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen: CO(g) H2O(g) → CO2(g) H2(g) The number of reactant moles is the same as the number of product moles, all of the chemical species are gases, and the molecules appear to be of comparable complexity. In this case, youd need to look up the standard molar entropy values of each of the chemical species and calculate the change in entropy.

Explain how Germany has sought to have both some security and Essay

Explain how Germany has sought to have both some security and flexibility in its labour markets. Have these approaches been su - Essay Example Social security represents the employment security and social security. The purpose of this paper is to understand the concept of â€Å"flexicurity†. This concept relates to a positive relationship between the two aspects of labour market security and flexibility (Sauert, 2009). However, there are opposing views regarding the concept of flexicurity as well. According to authors like, Stanford and Vosco, increasing flexibility in labour markets is synonymous to decreasing flexibility (Rodgers, 2012). The aim of this paper is to study the context of labour market security and flexibility in Germany and the impact of it on the workforce, especially young workers. This paper also analyses the scenario of wage stagnation and mini jobs in Germany, owing to the labour market conditions. Flexibility and Security of Labour markets: Germany One of the key challenges of the member countries in the European Union is to strike the perfect balance between the flexibility and security of the labour market. The main action of policy makers in this regard has been to pass on the responsibility to the social partners. The underlying assumption in this case is that a well-balanced social dialogue leads to a well-balanced social market (Wilthagen, n.d.). ... In particular regard to Germany, the academic literature is more of a divided nature. One section of the academic fraternity believes that the labour flexibility in the German markets must increase as a precursor to reduce the high level of unemployment in the country. However, the emphasis of the government has been more on increasing the income and job security (Wilthagen, Tros and Lieshout, 2003). Regarding the flexibility status, Germany maintains a vision of internal numerical flexibility. Flexibility of working hours and reduction of overtime continues to be one of the most important policy considerations for the future. Over the recent years, the German Labour market has undergone a great degree of transformation, after suffering great levels of unemployment, both structural and long-term, for decades. The level of difficulty was higher for the unemployed workers as they found it difficult to enter the labour market. Since 2000, the introduction of reforms in the labour market s had widely changed the employment structure in the German labour market. Germany had mainly structured its policy around flexicurity, which aimed at less generous benefit system and lower level of protection against dismissal. The flexicurity model employed by Germany mainly relied on developing a well-built social security system, which structured the labour market policies in a way that would employ the people without jobs. The successful reform package of Germany can be traced to the introduction of reforms by Hartz in between 2002-2005 (Federal Republic of Germany, 2004) and Agenda 2010. The key feature has been to employ the job seekers and enhance the flexibility of labour markets. The main recommendations of the Hartz commission have been

Hospitality Management With Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Hospitality Management With Tourism - Essay Example Client preferences and status also play a crucial role in fostering diversity within the hospitality industry, since products and services cannot be standardized. This paper provides insight into the UK hospitality industry by comparing two hospitality outlets, that is, a hotel and a restaurant, on the basis of diverse operational factors. Aim To examine the diverse operation factors implicated in provision of food, beverage and accommodation in the UK hospitality industry. Background Development of the UK hospitality industry can primarily be attributed to the growth and advancement of other economic sectors. For instance, the growth of manufacturing industries meant that individuals needed to leave cities for holidays. Advancement of the transportation sector, through improvement of railways, roads and air travel also means that there are easier, cheaper and faster ways for people to move from one point to another nationally or internationally. Other than the diverse economic and t ransport industries, hospitality is also linked to travelling for leisure or tourism. This is because; with increased per capita income, individuals have more disposable money and free time to travel for leisure. This has led to a significant rise in demand for accommodation, as well as, eating and drinking facilities. Hotels and restaurants are two of the most common hospitality outlets in the UK. The hotel sector is actually considered to be the largest in the UK and it comprised of a broad range of establishments. Hotels are categorized on the basis of their luxury, with the highest being five-star establishments, followed by lower class hotels, lodges or motels and finally, guest houses or bed and breakfast (B&B) places. Most hotels do not only offer accommodation, but food and beverages as well. In contrast, restaurants specialize in provision of food and beverages to customers. Just like hotels, eating establishments or restaurants can also be classified into several categorie s, including takeaway joints, fast-food eateries, popular catering outlets like coffee shops, mainstream catering and fine dining restaurants (Seba 65-70). The hotel under scrutiny in this case is The Halcyon, located in London’s Holland Park Avenue. The five-star hotel is compared to the Berners Tavern, a fine dining restaurant also Located in London, along Berners Street. Berners Tavern Company Background Berners Tavern was launched on 12th September 2013. Just like other new restaurants the eatery has drawn a lot of attention, especially because it was founded by Jason Atherton, a prominent chef behind other renowned restaurants in London. Berners Tavern was named after a hotel that was originally built on its site in the year 1908. The restaurant is located in Soho, a city  district of central London, which is currently famous for its nightclubs, restaurants and other entertainment establishments. This implies that the restaurant is strategically located since London re sidents, as well as, outsiders come to the place in search for fine dining, yet affordable eateries. Even though it has not been operational for a long period of time, Berners Tavern attracts a lot of clients and reservations are not easily secured. The restaurant is relatively big, capable of housing close to a hundred

Differences in Chinese and Japanese Art :: Essays Papers

Differences in Chinese and Japanese Art Architecture In China, very few pieces of architecture are still intact. Most of the influential architecture left is the Forbidden City. One main idea in Chinese architecture is walled cities, like Beijing and Chang’an. These cities are rectangular in shape and have streets that run north, south, east, and west like a grid pattern. The Chinese architecture concentrates on the balance and symmetries. The palace in the center of the city is based on the idea of the harmony of the universe and its cosmic order. In Japan, the architecture is based on grand palaces. Huge palaces were built and protected with many weapons and fortified for strength. Narrow passageways and mazes of stairs are common in the castles. The sense of power in the country is obvious in the location of the buildings. The buildings in Japan are always asymmetrical, opposite of China. Paintings and Art In China, most of the artists worked not for money but for themselves, so their paintings and art were forms of individual expression. They tried to express themselves with symbols and personal terms. The most common types of paintings were literati paintings which were characterized by unassuming brushwork, subtle colors, and the use of landscape as personal meaning. Literati painters painted for each other and used canvases like handscrolls, hanging scrolls and album leaves. Many of the paintings expressed the painters personality. One Chinese painter, Ni Zan, has a famous painting called The Rongxi Studio. It is done in ink and has mountains, rocks, trees and a building. The painting has little detail and is painted with the dry brush technique, like Zan’s personality, a noble spirit. In Japan, the paintings and art concentrated on a love of nature, a sense of humor and asymmetry. Ink painting was popular and used the canvas as part of the picture. One student in Japan, Bunsei, painted a picture called Landscape. It is on a hanging scroll.

The Positive Effects of the French Revolution

Freedom of speech and press, equality before the law, right to property and security, and the separation of Church and State. All of these things we take for granted as our fundamental rights but until the French Revolution, these concepts were rare in most nations. The Revolution helped spread ideas of democracy through inspiring fear in the hearts of monarchs running absolutist governments as well as through the birthing of documents like the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen and the Napoleonic Code. These texts influenced the constitutions of many other countries as well as giving more rights and power to the middle class, which in turn took power away from the aristocracy. The events and aftermath of the French Revolution caused other countries to become more liberal and eventually become democratic countries. One way the Revolution influenced democracy is by helping the middle class to emerge and gain more power. By giving all free men rights to property and to an equal chance at an occupation, Napoleon destroyed the aristocratic system. A man could no longer make a living just from being descended from royal blood. He had to work just as hard as the next man to secure his position in life. By creating this almost capitalist economy, the French had set the bar for the other countries for economy as well as for standard of living. Eventually the rest of Europe would have to catch up with France but they could not keep the same social structure and aristocratic system while having a mercantilist economy. This also encouraged countries to abandon their social structure and give their people more rights. By conquering many of the surrounding European nations, Napoleon helped spread his democratic ideas to other countries. One of his best tools for doing this was the Napoleonic Code, a French civil code written by a commission of jurists in 1804. France had never had a set of laws, just community rules, so writing these laws was a big step towards democracy. The Code was not just instituted in France, but every European nation Napoleon conquered. Countries like Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Portugal and Belgium all cite the Napoleonic Code as the basis for their laws. It stated that government jobs were to be given to the most qualified person and forbade any privileges to be given based on birth. These points took away the basis of feudalism in many of the largest European nations and created equality, without which a democracy can’t survive. The code also gives freedom of religion, which was rare in Europe. Up until the Revolution, the church had always had a large part in ruling countries but this rule put more power in the hands of the people and took away power from the clergy. France was successful in spreading democracy largely because they led by example. They gave other countries the idea that they could get what they wanted. When they were unsatisfied with their king they revolted and got who they wanted on the throne to rule instead, demonstrating one of the major principles of democracy, the right to choose their leader. When they were starving, they marched on Versailles and threatened the king and got bread delivered to them. Many countries were inspired by the success of the French Revolution and led their own revolts. When the oppressed slaves in Haiti and Santo Domingue learned of the conditions in France they led their own revolt and slaughtered their masters and families. This revolution led to the abolition of slavery in Haiti, as well as it becoming an independant republic in 1804. Similarly, after Napoleon invaded Spain in 1807, some Spanish colonies took advantage of the opportunity and revolted while Spain was distracted. Many people believed that the revolution did not lead to democracy, but only produced violence and murder. While it is true that many people were killed during the Revolution, especially the Reign of Terror, it was necessary for the revolution to succeed. Although possibly over-doing it, Robespierre had the interests of the people at heart and was dedicated to removing any and all opposition to his cause. With many anti-revolutionaries around to criticize and hinder the revolution, it might not have been successful and never have planted the seed of democracy in the hearts of Frenchmen. Edmund Burke, a member of British parliament, wrote just months after the fall of Bastille that he thinks it is better for change to happen over time than for there to be a dramatic social upheaval. The problem with that is that the countries in Europe couldn’t just wait around for a king to come down the line that wasn’t greedy and corrupt and wanted to give their people rights and freedoms. Louis XVI had piloted France to a 12,000,000 livre debt, much of it spent on personal expenses and it was only getting worse when the revolutionaries interfered. The bloodshed and violence was a wakeup call to the rest of Europe that the oppressed people would to whatever it took to gain there rights and freedoms. If they hadn’t fought back, feudalism might have been the type of government for another few centuries. In Rights of Man by Thomas Paine, he argues that each government is not hereditary and each generation should have the right to choose their government. Therefore, the French had the right to depose Louis XVI and establish a republic. Although having some flaws, the French Revolution was highly successful in influencing the growth of democracy. It was the cause of the creation of multiple documents stating that all men are equal, one of the basic principals of democracy. Those documents also gave men freedom of religion, made obtaining a position by birthright illegal and prevented secret laws from being published. These laws were not only in effect in France but in every part of Napoleon’s empire. The revolution inspired other countries to revolt with Haiti becoming the first black republic because of it. People were killed during the revolution but sacrifices had to be made in exchange for success, and you can’t argue with success.

Corruption In The Great Gatsby Essay - 822 Words

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is about a writer named Nick Carraway. He leaves the Midwest and comes to New York City in the spring of 1922 . Nick chases his American Dream and ends up living next door to a mysterious, party-loving millionaire, Jay Gatsby, who is across the water from his cousin, Daisy and her husband, Tom Buchanan. In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald reveals that the upper class society is corrupt from money. This is best proven through Gatsby, Daisy, and Tom. Upperclassmen love to throw parties. One character in particular that loves to throw parties is Jay Gatsby. Jay Gatsby is a mysterious millionaire who only lives with his servants. Nick Carraway is our narrator of the story. Gatsby throws a party only†¦show more content†¦Gatsby assumed a new name to get away from his past. Gatsby was known as James Gatz. He changed his name to get away from his poor life as a little boy (Fitzgerald 98). Gatsby probably wanted to get away from his past because he lived with his parents who were â€Å"dirt poor farmers† (Fitzgerald 98). He wanted better life so he set out on his own at 17. He comes across a man named Dan Cody, who taught him everything he needed to know on how to act rich. (Fitzgerald 99-100) Upperclassmen always find ways to gain money. Daisy, Gatsby’s lover is only after his money. Daisy is only after money. Gatsby states, â€Å" Her voice is full of money† (Fitzgerald 120). Gatsby and Tom have an argument about who Daisy loves. Gatsby exclaims, â€Å"She only married you because I was poor and she was tired of waiting for me. It was a terrible mistake, but in her heart she never loved anyone except me† (Fitzgerald 130). Upperclassmen have different ways of obtaining their money. It might not be through righteous acts. Gatsby was able to get his money through bootlegging from his pharmacies. Tom demand that someone tell him who Gatsby is. â€Å"Who is this Gatsby anyhow?† demanded Tom suddenly. â€Å"Some big bootlegger† (Fitzgerald 107). This shows that Gatsby makes, distributes, and sells alcohol illegally. That’s how he got rich since prohibition was in action. Upperclassmen are blamed for things they didn’t do. Especially if it’s one of their flashy objects that were part of a crime. AfterShow MoreRelatedCorruption In The Great Gatsby Essay701 Words   |  3 Pageswas corrupt and selfish. In the Great Gatsby the upper class is shown as corruptive. The people in the upper class such as Tom and Daisy don’t really care about their actions because they feel invincible due to their amount of money and the power they have. Fitzgerald illustrates the corruption in the way upper class is care-less about their behavior. The way people in the upper class behave toward others and in society demonstrates how corruptive they are. At Gatsby parties the people behaved asRead MoreEssay on The Corruption of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby1302 Words   |  6 Pages On April 10, 1925 F. Scott Fitzgerald published The Great Gatsby, a novel that would later become one of the best known pieces of classic literature in history. However, at the time of its publication, Gatsby was fairly unpopular ad the reviews were never consistent. As shocking as it may seem, I believe it is because Fitzgerald’s intelligence and creativity levels were way ahead of his time, which is evident when one pays close attention to the themes of the novel. ForgivenessRead MoreEssay about Corruption in The Great Gatsby1141 Words   |  5 Pagesdancing, and jazz music in the upper class parties. While gradually he realized that all these joyous and orgiastic images were merely a disguise for their holl owness in spirit after the disillusionment, which inspired him the original idea of the Great Gatsby. Therefore, the book can be regarded as Fitzgerald’s autobiography to some degree. The book was published in 1925 and received a lot of compliments. T.S Eloit remarked it as the first step that American fiction has taken since Henry James. Read MoreEssay on The Great Gatsby: The Corruption of the American Dream1010 Words   |  5 Pagesnovel ‘The Great Gatsby’ where there are a variety of characters that are living or seeking The American Dream. Whether it was Daisy and Tom Buchanan who were supposedly living the perfect lifestyle, Jay Gatsby who found himself submerged in money and always throwing parties for the higher class population of New York as well as Daisy, or Myrtle Wilson who throughout the novel seeked to be a high class woman, they all ended up unhappy or lost their own lives as a consequence. Jay Gatsby was a self-madeRead MoreEssay The Great Gatsby: Differences and Corruption of Classes543 Words   |  3 PagesThe Great Gatsby: Differences and Corruption of Classes Money is essential for survival; it can bring happiness, despair, or corruption. It rules our daily lives, is preferred in large amounts, and separates us into different social classes. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, is a perfect example of this since the class structure within the novel, portrays how money or the need for it can cause corruption in all the different social classes. This is shown through the three distinctRead MoreThe Great Gatsby - Corruption of the American Dream Essay1913 Words   |  8 PagesThe Great Gatsby is a novel about the corruption of the American Dream. How far would you agree with this statement? The American Dream is fundamentally the idea that anyone in America can accomplish through hard work and can achieve success and happiness. It has been expanded on through the years and now incorporates ideas of attaining freedom, wealth and power. In the 1920s when The Great Gatsby was written the Jazz Age was taking hold and the American Dream became more about material possessionsRead More Symbols, Symbolism, and Metaphor in The Great Gatsby Essay796 Words   |  4 Pages Metaphors and Symbolisms in The Great Gatsby nbsp; In the novel The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses many different metaphors and symbolisms to express his point.nbsp; In this essay the point that I wish to make is how Fitzgerald uses colors to develop image, feelings, and scenery depiction to let the reader feel the emotions and other aspects being portrayed in that particular part in the book.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Like every other essay one must address the major pointsRead MoreBroken Dreams and Fallen Themes: the Corruption of the American Dream in the Great Gatsby1477 Words   |  6 PagesThemes In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald employs the use of characters, themes, and symbolism to convey the idea of the American Dream and its corruption through the aspects of wealth, family, and status. In regards to wealth and success, Fitzgerald makes clear the growing corruption of the American Dream by using Gatsby himself as a symbol for the corrupted dream throughout the text. In addition, when portraying the family the characters in Great Gatsby are used to expose the corruption growing inRead More Corruption of the American Dream in the Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1438 Words   |  6 PagesThemes In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald employs the use of characters, themes, and symbolism to convey the idea of the American Dream and its corruption through the aspects of wealth, family, and status. In regards to wealth and success, Fitzgerald makes clear the growing corruption of the American Dream by using Gatsby himself as a symbol for the corrupted dream throughout the text. In addition, when portraying the family the characters in Great Gatsby are used to expose the corruption growing in theRead MoreThe American Dream By James Truslow Adams1243 Words   |  5 PagesFollowing the end of the Great War, America became a inward, highly materialistic society, focused on improving itself and remaining distant from foreign issues. In doing this, corruption and illegal practices became commonplace as men and women tried to make a name for themselves in this highly aristocratic America. This spike in questionable practices further withheld the American Dream from those wishing to achieve i t the way it was intended, through hard work and perseverance. In 1931, James